Native communications in Canada uses of and access to the broadcast media in the 1970\u27s.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 40-07, page: . Thesis (M.A.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 1980

Studies on the ovine mast cell: heterogeneity and involvement in cutaneous inflammation

The distribution of the granule chymase Sheep Mast Cell Proteinase (SMCP) was determined in trachea, bronchus, bronchial lymph node, lung, thymus, spleen, liver, flank skin, abomasum, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon and mesenteric lymph node by immunohistochemistry and by ELISA using a polyclonal, affinity purified anti-SMCP antibody. The toluidine blue and SMCP-positive cell counts were closely correlated for all tissues examined (r2= 0.96, P<0.001), with the exception of skin and liver. On the basis of reactivity to the anti-SMCP antibody, two populations of ovine mast cells were identified. SMCP-positive cells (analogous to the gastrointestinal or mucosal mast cell [MMC] subset) were present in all tissues examined whereas SMCP-negative cells were present in skin (the putative ovine connective tissue mast cell [CTMC] subset) and comprised -98% of the ovine dermal mast cell population. The functional heterogeneity of the ovine dermal mast cell population was investigated in cutaneous challenge studies using the secretagogues calcium ionophore A23187 (A23187), substance P (sP) and compound 48/80 (48/80), which are known to activate CTMC subsets in other species. Although only A23187 and sP evoked an immediate weal response (P<0.05; Mann-Whitney U test [MW]), all three agents evoked dermal neutrophil influx (P<0.05; MW) with extensive mast cell degranulation (P<0.05; MW), thus identifying these agents as putative ovine dermal mast cell secretagogues. As SMCP may be released into the dermis following degranulation, its effect in ovine skin in vivo was investigated. SMCP (36pg - 36ng/50pl) evoked a dose-dependent immediate cutaneous response characterized by weal formation (maximal by three hours after injection (P<0.05; MW)) accompanied by dermal neutrophil influx (P<0.05; MW) and concomitant mast cell degranulation (P<0.05; MW). There was no subsequent delayed component to this response (24 to 72 hours). Although heat-inactivation of SMCP (64°C for 10 min; -2% residual activity) abrogated the weal response (P<0.05-P<0.01; MW), there was no effect on dermal neutrophil influx. Recombinant ovine interleukin-3 (rOv.IL-3) was shown to consistently generate a population of rOv.IL-3-dependent bone marrow-derived mast cells (rOv.IL-3 BMMC) in vitro, this cell population being subsequently used to compare functional heterogeneity in vitro to that previously determined in skin in vivo. These generated cells contained the granule-associated mediators arylsulfatase, (^-hexosaminidase and SMCP, the latter finding being consistent with an MMC phenotype. A dose-dependent effect of rOv.IL-3 on cell viability and the maximum percentage of SMCP-positive mast cells obtained was observed (P<0.05-P<0.01; Student's r-test), the latter being increased by transferring the non-adherent cell population to fresh wells or flasks at feeding. When harvested optimally at days 12 to 16 of culture, these rOv.IL-3 BMMC could be activated by sP, 48/80 and A23187 to release arylsulfatase, (3-hexosaminidase and SMCP, indicating that these cells may also possess CTMC characteristics. Thus, r.Ov.IL-3 BMMC may represent a cell population of mixed (MMC and CTMC) phenotype. SMCP failed to evoke similar mediator release in vitro, in contrast to the immediate cutaneous response observed in vivo. One action of SMCP may therefore be to activate vascular endothelium, thereby promoting increased vascular permeability and subsequent dermal neutrophil influx

Studies in the Anglo-Japanese Alliance (1902-1923)

Daniels examined British media views of Japan by sampling local and national dailies, with emphasis on The Times and The Economist and magazines like Punch, The Graphic and The Illustrated London News. While the metropolitan papers were broadly supportive, some provincial journalists, favouring free trade, were critical of Japan and the alliance.British trade, first world war, British overseas investment, Anglo-Japanese tariff agreement, Takahashi, Japanese immigration, British Press, cartoons, illustrations, trade relations, American hegemony, open door in China, Washington Conference (1921), Paris Peace Conference (1919), China, Korea, Russia, League of Nations.

A computer vision approach to monitoring the activity and well-being of honeybees

Honeybees, in their role as pollinators, are vital to both agriculture and the wider ecosystem. However, they have experienced a serious decline across much of the world over recent years. Monitoring their well-being, and taking appropriate action if that is in jeopardy, has thus become a matter of great importance. In this paper, we present an approach based on computer vision to monitor bee activity and motion in the vicinity of an entrance/exit to a hive, including identifying and counting the number of bees approaching or leaving the hive in a given image frame or sequence of image frames

Book Reviews

Book Review 1Book Title: Waders of southern AfricaBook Author: Phil Hockey (Illustrated by Claire Douie)Struik Winchester. Cape Town. 1995. 288 pp.Book Review 2Book Title: Apple Snails in the AquariumBook Author: Gloria Perera &amp; J.G.WallsPublished by T.F.H. Publications, Neptune, New Jersey 07753. (1996).Book Review 3Book Title: The African Leopard: Ecology and Behavior of a Solitary FelidBook Author: Theodore N. BaileyColumbia Universily Press, New York. 1993. xviii + 429pp. ISBN 0-231-07872-2 (cloth)

A COMPARATIVE THREE-DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS OF BREATHING AND NON-BREATHING IN FRONT-CRAWL SWIMMING

Only a few studies have examined the effects of breathing in the kinematics of front crawl swimming (e.g. Payton et al., 1999). Important limitations of previous studies were that they were conducted (totally or partly) with the use of two-dimensional (2D) analysis techniques, and that body roll was calculated based on the assumption that the trunk moves as a rigid part. However, Cappaert et al. (1995) reported not only different range of motions but also different timing of shoulder and hip roll. This indicated that the rigid trunk assumption is not tenable. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of breathing on the kinematics of the whole body centre of mass (CM) and roll of the shoulders and hips using three-dimensional (3D) analysis methods applied to a full body model

Analysing Questionnaires on IT Project Status - Complexity Reduction by the Application of Rough Concepts

Since its introduction half a century ago IT has become one of the most important infrastructure components of virtually any organisation. An important key area of qualitative research in information systems is interviewing decision makers. These interviews aim to disclose hidden structures within IT projects and usage to increase their efficiency and effectiveness. In this context, the definition and analysis of critical success factors for information technology projects are well established areas for qualitative research in information systems. The analysis of critical success factors is of special importance since the IT projects still suffer from high failures rates. Therefore it is an important research goal within information systems to better understand IT projects to improve their success rates. The interviews of critical success factors provide a good data basis to disclose hidden structures in this domain. Besides only quantitatively interpreting such interviews the analysis can be enriched by some qualitative methods to support quantitative analysis and may disclose formerly hidden structures within the data. Therefore the objective of the paper is to enrich the analysis of IT projects and evaluate rough sets based quantitative analysis techniques for symbolic data which are characteristic in the domain of critical success factors analysis

Reading and writing mathematical notation in e-learning environments

How do students and teachers communicate mathematics via the internet? Why do they use these methods? Is there any better way of communicating mathematics via the internet? In addition to the time needed to understand a concept, it is also a challenge for students to write formulae in e-learning environments, since most computers and software are not designed to write formulae. Furthermore, most physics, mathematics and engineering students do most of all their initial analysis and calculations using pen and paper and then have to translate it into a computer environment. Does this extra time investment play a role in the academic results achieved?This paper presents exploratory research into the different methods used by teachers and students to communicate mathematics via the internet and to use appropriate patterns according to the different subjects and knowledge areas. It explores the reasons that make students choose one method or another and analyses the extreme case: when students write mathematical formulae on paper and then scan this electronically.The analysis is carried out on engineering subjects at the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC) in which mathematics plays an important role: 17,000 emails are analysed and five physics teachers are interviewed as part of a qualitative study about handwritten scanned exercises.This paper shows that the key to explaining students' behaviour is the time factor. In order to reduce the time required to write the required mathematical formulae, the paper proposes a speech-to-text tool, such as TalkMaths, to help students create and edit mathematical formulae, since speech is the fastest and most natural way of communicating